Preparations are underway to revise national accounting to implement actuarial recording of pension liabilities for corporations and government as an employer. This paper extends this to unfunded public pensions with the help of "implicit tax" in pension contributions. The clearest advantages of...

This paper documents the construction of a South African Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the year 2012. The SAM is built using a Statistics South Africa Supply Table and Use Table, National Accounts, and various household and labour market surveys. It provides a detailed representation of the...

As important part of national economy, the agri-food sector had oscillating evolutions in the post-accession period, mainly generated by the need to get in line with the EU requirements. The analysis of the resources-utilizations ratio, from the point of view of production account, reveals...

The article deals with the estimation of a tax gap incurred by devastation of a tax base and concentrates on undervaluation of incomes from an independent activity. The distortion rate was estimated by means of database data from national accounts; the database is internationally comparable. The...

This paper is an attempt to contribute to the discussion of research and development (R&D) capitalisation in the system of national accounts. The paper first spells out under which conditions knowledge creation truly leads to fixed assets in the national accounts sense. As a next step, R&D...

The origins of national accounting can be traced back to the 17th century. However, modern national accounts have largely developed since the late 1940s, although some initial forays commenced a couple of decades earlier. The three most important standards for the economic accounts are those for...

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the most widely used indicator from the system of national accounts. Although often interpreted as an indicator for (economic) well-being, it first and foremost monitors economic activity, and falls short of reflecting broader measures which try to capture...