their models, while aggregate indicators such as GDP failed in spite (or perhaps because) of their heavy emphasis on … financially driven growth. In contrast to both critics and proponents of GDP who see it as a purely statistical measure, this … article argues that GDP is in fact a form of numerical rhetoric. Political messages in such estimates were explicit until the …

" hypotheses and empirically assess if GDP data revisions are unbiased and efficient and vice versa. The results based on different … revisions of GDP growth rates in Macedonia. Accordingly, we use various statistical tools for testing the "news" and "noise … empirical approaches in general provide mixed results about the predictability of GDP revisions, although the empirical evidence …