The goal of this research is to ascertain how much foreign debt, foreign investment, and HCI have contributed to the growth of the economies of the four ASEAN nations. This research uses the Panel Vector AutoRegression Model (PVAR). The PVAR method is a method used to analyze the relationship...

The influence of external debt on the environment is a rising issue in the rapidly developing climate crisis. This study analyzes the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions per capita, gross domestic product per capita and ecological footprint per capita by applying an autoregressive...