Gender studies on food security have often focused on the differences between male-headed households (MHHs) and female-headed households (FHHs). Hence, they have mostly ignored the possibility of food security gaps between the different types of FHHs, treating them as homogeneous. Therefore,...

The private sector in Nepal participates in the regulated import and distribution of three types of subsidized fertilizer. However, almost 55% of the agrovets (family-owned microenterprises) that retail agricultural inputs do not comply. Many farmers rely on the fertilizer purchased through...

Despite wide attention on energy poverty (EP) and its effect on household well-being recently, no study has examined the relationship between EP and households’ consumption or savings. To fill this literature gap, we examine the effect of households' Multidimensional Energy Poverty (MDEP) on...