We propose a new methodology to estimate the empirical pricing kernel implied from option data. In contrast to most of the studies in the literature that use an indirect approach, i.e. first estimating the physical and risk-neutral densities and obtaining the pricing kernel in a second step, we...

We study the robustness of block resampling procedures for time series. We first derive a set of formulas to characterize their quantile breakdown point. For the moving block bootstrap and the subsampling, we find a very low quantile breakdown point. A similar robustness problem arises in...