This study investigates the short- and long-run impact on population dynamics of the major flood in the Netherlands in … 1953. A dynamic difference-in-differences analysis reveals that the flood had an immediate negative impact on population … positive effect on population growth. As a result, there has been an increase in population in flood prone areas. …

This study investigates the short- and long-run impact on population dynamics of the major flood in the Netherlands in … 1953. A dynamic difference-in-differences analysis reveals that the flood had an immediate negative impact on population … positive effect on population growth. As a result, there has been an increase in population in flood prone areas …

In the postwar period, when fertility dropped substantially, immigration more than made up for the drop in population … growth, and from 1950 to 2020, population increased by 73%, double the European rate, in a country with population density … already among the highest in Europe. Yet, there never has been a serious population policy, and in fact, central spatial …