We identify the substitution effect of the prostitution market on the marriage market. Our tests exploit the staggered … commercial sex. We find that the Nordic model leads to a significant increase in marriage rates and a significant decrease in … marriage is stronger when female’s socioeconomic status is weaker and when people prefer marriage over cohabitation. Overall …

Scandinavian countries to confirm that the gender of the firstborn predicts the likelihood of a given family having three children …There is much research indicating the presence of a parental preference for a particular gender of children. The main … argue that under the differential cost hypothesis, parents of children of the more costly gender should spend more on goods …