In this paper we study implied and realized volatility for the Nordic power forward market. We create an implied volatility index with a fixed time to maturity. This index is compared to a realized volatility time series calculated from high-frequency data. The results show that the implied...

We survey the CFOs of 1500 largest companies from Norway, Denmark and Sweden (500 from each country) about their capital budgeting process with focus on the real options analysis. Only 6% of the respondents use real options, whereas the most used technique, the net present value, is used by 74%...