The objective of this paper is to analyse the role of migrants in innovation in Europe. We use Total Factor … migration and innovation at the sectoral level. This allows us to measure the direct contribution of migrants in the sector in … which they are actually employed. Moreover, it allows a distinction between the real contribution of migrants to innovation …

Traditional immigration countries such as United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand give preference to migrants … scarcities in the secondary market by exploiting cheap enclave labor, as a transitional phase for migrants to adjust to the … to highlight its deleterious effects on migrants' welfare. Some theoretical explanations of deskilling are also examined …