This article investigates some key problems surrounding copyright in standards. It surveys two ex ante approaches, namely the management of the underlying intellectual property rights during a standard’s development stage, and creating an exemption that is incorporated in legislation, and that...

This paper focuses on the mark-to-model valuation of open foreign exchange (FX) forwards, a popular instrument for hedging FX exposures with higher degree of flexibility with respect to settlement date and settlement amount compared to (standard) closed forwards. While there is sufficient...

The Internet's open architecture has proved to be an engine of innovation. The traditional openness of the original TCP/IP protocol suite, however, is coming under pressure as broadband providers develop new network architectures that may, depending on how they are implemented, change the...

A two-country sticky-price model is used to analyse the interactions between fiscal and monetary policy. The role of an u0091activistu0092 fiscal policy as a stabilisation tool is considered and a measure of the welfare gains from international fiscal policy cooperation is derived. It is found...