There is a wide body of literature in corporate finance that examines the tradeoffs between liquidation and re-organization for creditors in financially distressed firms (Kahl (2002), Hotchkiss (1995), Gertner and Scharfstein (1991)). We incorporate salient elements from this literature into a...

Based on the works of Brockman and Turtle (2003) and Giesecke (2004), we propose in this study a hybrid barrier option model to explain observed credit spreads. It is free of problems with the structural model which underprescribed credit spreads for investment grade corporate bonds and...

There is a link between barrier options and tax shields of interest expense. We combine this link with a traditional valuation approach, to present practical valuation formulas for interest tax shields in three debt scenarios with risk of default: (1) constant debt, (2) delayed debt, and (3)...

We develop a mathematical proof demonstrating that only financially-strong firms will sell put options on their own stock, but financially-weak firms will not. The sale of options on a company's own stock exposes the buyer to default risk of the issuer, which additionally complicates the payoff...

This paper proposes a simple scheme for static hedging of defaultable contingent claims. It is a kind of generalization of the technique developed by Carr and Chou (1997), Carr and Madan (1998), and Takahashi and Yamazaki (2009a) into unified credit-equity modelings. Our scheme provides a...

Upstream producers that possess market power, sell forwards with a lengthy duration to regional electricity companies (REC). As part of the liberalization of the electricity market, RECs have been privatized and exposed to a possible bankruptcy threat if spot prices have fallen below their...

Existing dynamic capital structure models are based on single triggers determining bankruptcy, mainly over-indebtedness or illiquidity. The latter one tends to underestimate optimal capital structures by ignoring capital providers' flexibility to inject fresh money. The former one leans towards...

Prior evidence on pre-bankruptcy filing informed trading is mixed. The inconclusive findings might result from the sole focus on stock trading. We reassess the presence of pre-filing informed and insider trades by examining the information content of options trading before bankruptcy...

Option prices contain forward looking information about stock price volatility and, potentially, the probability of bankruptcy. We develop a risk-neutral density (RND) model consisting of a mixture of two lognormal densities with a probability of bankruptcy. We calibrate this model to daily...

Upstream producers that possess market power, sell forwards with a lengthy duration to regional electricity companies (REC). As part of the liberalization of the electricity market, RECs have been privatized and exposed to a possible bankruptcy threat if spot prices have fallen below their...