The number of workers on the border between self-employment and employment strongly increased across Europe over the last decade. This paper investigates whether and in what respect these workers differ from employees and self-employed and analyses whether these work relationships are a stepping...

This paper analyses work relationships on the border between employment and self-employment and the consequences of making use of these new forms of work, especially on the side of firms. We study the complexity and variety of dependent forms of outsourcing by comparing the firm-internal...

The number of workers on the border between self-employment and employment strongly increased across Europe over the last decade. This paper investigates whether and in what respect these workers differ from employees and self-employed and analyses whether these work relationships are a stepping...