We find that ownership changes much less over time in private firms than in public firms. The average largest shareholder in private (public) Norwegian firms keeps the same stake in 82% (14%) of two consecutive years. In private firms past ownership dominates ownership determinants proposed in...

Objective - A study by Ernst and Young (2010) found that 84% of public companies believed that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) was an activity that had a positive impact on companies. However, only 11% of those companies disclosed their CSR in their annual reports. This article presents...

This paper aims to explore whether and how firm-level governance mechanisms affects Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) using a large sample of firms listed at Pakistan Stock Exchange. Further, the paper investigates the differential effects of corporate governance (CG) on CSR across small,...