This paper is the third chapter of the third edition of The Anatomy of Corporate Law: A Comparative and Functional Approach, by Reinier Kraakman, John Armour, Paul Davies, Luca Enriques, Henry Hansmann, Gerard Hertig, Klaus Hopt, Hideki Kanda Mariana Pargendler, Georg Ringe, and Edward Rock...

Board composition is central to the worldwide corporate governance reforms that have taken place in recent years. The strong emphasis on director independence and board leadership is now part of all corporate governance regimes, including the regimes which has been introduced in Malaysia. It is...

This paper reports on an empirical analysis of 42,094 public/private companies in China and 21 Eastern European countries to grasp the actual state and determinants of board gender diversity in emerging market firms. We confirmed that firms in these countries are comparable to those in advanced...

We study the effect of board governance in state-owned and private banks by undertaking a study of commercial banks in India that has both bank groups. Covering a ten-year period from 2003 to 2012 that witnessed a large number of governance reforms in India, the results of our empirical analysis...

Corporate governance is concerned with the resolution of collective action problems among dispersed investors and the reconciliation of conflicts of interest between various corporate claimholders. In this survey we review the theoretical and empirical research on the main mechanisms of...

This paper investigates how institutional environment like property rights protection influences the size and composition of corporate boards, and further, how board structure impacts firm performance in China. Using a World Bank survey of 2,400 public and private firms across 18 Chinese cities,...

We provide the first comprehensive and robust evidence on the relationship between board independence and firm performance in China. We find that independent directors have an overall positive effect on firm operating performance in China. Our findings are robust to a battery of tests, including...

In this paper, we examine the effects of ownership concentration and board characteristics on the performance of listed firms domiciled in Jordan, one of the main emerging markets in the Middle East. Employing 2SLS regressions on a sample of 103 firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for...

Purpose: Are board ties among competitors harmful to customers? The prevalent assumption on board ties among competitors is that they harm customer benefits. This study examines the mechanism by which board ties with competitors result in an outcome conducive to customers....

I study the board structure of a sample of dual-class firms from 1996 to 2002, and relate it to the degree of control-cash flow rights divergence. Compared to a group of matched single-class firms with similar contracting environment when ownership structure was made, dual-class firms have...