Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary andgeneralized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV … proper modelling of thedisturbance covariance structure is indispensable. The biasapproximations are used to construct bias … plausible long-run effects are obtained by the biascorrected estimators. Moreover, bias correction can be substantialunderlining …

-individual estimators in short panels, we develop bias corrections. These corrections are based on higher-order asymptotic expansions of the … estimators have asymptotic biases of the same order as their asymptotic standard deviations. The bias corrections remove the bias …