The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has the highest rate of youth unemployment worldwide. High records of youth unemployment have increased the risk of political instability and other social concerns. Our study aims to investigate the role of quality of education in explaining the...

Many papers use fixed effects (FE) to identify causal impacts of an intervention. In this paper we show that when the treatment status only varies within some groups, this design can induce non-random selection of groups into the identifying sample, which we term selection into identification...

A straightforward way of keeping children in school is increasing the duration of compulsory education. Evidence of the impact of this type of policy in Western countries is abundant. However, its effectiveness has been rarely tested in low-income countries. Using panel data of low-income and...