For a panel data regression equation with two-way unobserved heterogeneity, individual-specific and period-specific, 'within-individual' and 'within-period' estimators, which can be given Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) or Instrumental Variables (IV) interpretations, are considered. A class of...

For a panel data regression equation with two-way unobserved heterogeneity, individual-specific and period-specific, ‘within-individual’ and ‘within-period’ estimators, which can be given Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) or Instrumental Variables (IV) interpretations, are considered. A class...

This article uses the index number approach to estimate the regional differences of agricultural output, input and total factor productivity (TFP) in Italy. Data cover the period 1951 to 2002 and are taken from Agrefit, which is a new database of Italian agriculture at regional level....

In 2008 a new series of Unit Value Indexes was officially released; after few months the series of Production Price Indexes on non-domestic markets became available for the first time. The new sets of indicators were favourably welcomed by economists and researchers but they also gave a boost to...

Discouraged workers are those who have given up search due to (perceived) low chances of obtaining work. In this paper we first develop a model for the probability of being in the labor force as a function of the probability of getting an acceptable job offer. This model is based on standard...