economic growth, every country has sensibly invested in international cooperation, learning, innovation, technology diffusion … is necessary to increase expenditure on R&D for business enterprises and higher education, exports and technology. If the …

may have been overestimated in previous studies due to application of inappropriate first generation panel cointegration …

panels are not cointegrated. Bidirectional causality between economic growth and electricity consumption both in the short …. Unidirectional short-run causality is found from economic growth to electricity consumption for lower middle income panel and no … unit root test ; panel cointegration test ; Granger causality test …

Western European countries between 1990 and 2006 and uses the latest developments in panel unit root and cointegration testing … counterparts. -- Technology spillovers ; trade ; investment ; panel cointegration …

cointegration techniques. We study the empirical connection between real effective exchange rate volatility and investment for 51 …

Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC), with emphasis on both the role of exports and imports in economic growth in a …Purpose: The purpose of this study is to re-examine the relationship between trade openness and economic growth in the … that partially, export had a significant positive effect on economic growth, while import had a significant but negative …