This paper analyzes the effect of educational mismatch on wages, using a rich panel dataset of workers in the major …, we find that the wages of people aged under 35 basically depend on the level of education attained, while those of …

mobility caused by retraining courses has the same impact on workers as if they lacked retraining. The wages of workers trained …

penalty. In addition, few studies have considered overeducation among immigrants. This paper uses panel data analyses to … data, the panel approach addresses individual heterogeneity effects (motivation, ability, and compensating differentials … effects. Second, based on panel fixed effects analyses there is no penalty for overeducation for ESB immigrants. However, NESB …