Economy can be pretentious by the progression of devaluation or depreciation of local currency either positively or negatively. The improvement in trade balance is considered as one of the significant and beneficial impacts occurring on account of devaluation by means of an increase in the...

The article attempts to delve the comprehensive understanding between trade balance and currency depreciation by incorporating the absorption and monetary approaches, including the Marshal Lerner condition. In doing so, the Ng-Perron test is employed to find out the order of integration and the...

There is an urgent need to reform the educational system to achieve universal primary education in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Even after 35 years of Independence, PNG has been struggling to educate an estimated 2 million elementary and primary aged children and faces numerous challenges in...

The most important development of the last few years in the world is the rapid growth and spread of information and communications technology (ICT) in numerous areas. It is generally accepted that ICT increases materialistic and moral value, and is widely used in areas of education, economy,...

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is the largest and most populated of all the Pacific Island countries. It is a developing nation with 15% of the population engaged in market economy and the remaining 85% of people engaged in farming. A prudent macroeconomic policy and favorable terms of trade trends have...

Education has long been considered as a corner stone in economic development. The 21st century has brought new challenges and opportunities for higher education. In the wake of the transition from elitist to mass education, universities worldwide are under pressure to enhance access and equity,...