Participation is said to improve decisions on environmental conflicts. When investigating 16 case studies of participatory processes in European Water and Biodiversity Governance, which necessarily is multi-level, the picture becomes blurred: many different forms of participation can be...

In recent years, public participation has been a frequent object of research, especially in relation to rulemaking procedures. The aim of the paper is to verify a common thesis, that public participation is a means for enhancing democratic legitimacy in rulemaking. In order to do so, the author...

This paper assesses participatory bottlenecks that households found in development-oriented activities of Community-Based Organizations (CBOs) in the periods 1985-1999 and 2000-2014. It also examines households’ willingness to participate in future development activities. This is aimed at...