This paper explores how university-based research is utilised via user driven competence centres. Those centres are truly “Triple Helix born” since they bring together academic and business research(ers) in structures co-funded with public money with the explicit mission engage in user...

A cross-country comparison of inventive output between Finnish and Flemish university researchers is presented. The total inventive output of researchers from both systems, the distribution of inventive activity at various levels, ownership of academic inventions, assignation of patents to...