the innovative success of R&D cooperation projects and project characteristics. Patent applications and publications are … patent applications, but not to publications. Conversely, university involvement has positive effects on project outcomes in … terms of publications but not in terms of patent applications. In general, projects’ funding is an important predictor of …

This study focuses on the impact of innovation policies and R&D collaboration in Germany and Finland. We consider … collaboration and subsidies as heterogeneous treatments, and perform an econometric matching to analyze R&D and patent activity at … the firm level. In general, we find that collaboration has positive effects. In Germany, subsidies for individual research …