Innovation is part idea generation and part development. We build a model of "innovating-by-doing," whereby ideas come to practitioners. Successful innovation requires that practitioners' ideas be developed through costly effort. Our model nests existing theories of laboratory research and...

Abstract: Während technischer Fortschritt prinzipiell als wohlfahrtserhöhend gilt, ist seine Rolle im Gesundheitswesen weniger eindeutig. Zwar verbessert er Lebensqualität und -erwartung, ist aber auch eine wichtige Ursache steigender Gesundheitsausgaben. Die Arbeit zeigt Wege zu einem...

Until recently, successful patent plaintiffs would almost always be awarded injunctions against future infringement. Thanks to a recent change in remedies jurisprudence, however, patent plaintiffs today are often denied injunctions and awarded, instead, ongoing royalties. This change was made...