We develop a Schumpeterian growth model to analyze the interaction between patent policy and firms’ internal strategies to capture value from innovations. We consider two dimensions of patent policy: backward protection against imitation and forward protection, also known as blocking patents,...

Patent protection was introduced for plant biotechnology in the United States in 1985, and it affected crops differentially depending on their reproductive structures. Exploiting this unique feature of plant physiology and a new dataset of crop-specific technology development, I find that the...

Innovations are a key driver of long-term economic growth. There has been an explosion of patent filings in China in the past three decades. But empirical studies on the pattern of innovations at the firm level are rather scant primarily due to lack of firm-specific patent data. We have made...

We examine the diversification of administrative and procedural costs on patent stock using a large dataset from the European Patent Office with 15,000 firms for the period between 1995 and 2015. The results reveal that administrative and procedural costs are significant for firm-level patenting...

Patented innovation is a predominately local phenomena. It is also an indicator of economic growth. Using data on U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), we examine the long-run effect of economic freedom, and each of its three components, on local patent activity. We find that increased...

We develop a Schumpeterian growth model with private IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) enforcement and investigate the implications for IPR and R&D policies. In our setting, successful innovators undertake costly activities to enforce their patents and protect their monopoly rents. These Rent...

We evaluate the welfare effects of differential pricing, voluntary licensing, and compulsory licensing in the Indian market for oral anti-diabetic (OAD) drugs. This market includes a new class of molecules called DPP-4 inhibitors, all of which are under patent protection in India. The Indian...

Recent empirical studies suggest a need for a flexible patent regime responding to industry characteristics. In practice, sector-specific modifications of patent strength already exist but lack theoretical foundation. This paper intends to make up for this neglect by scrutinizing in what...

The knowledge produced by academic scientists has been identified as a potential key driver of technological progress. Recent policies in Europe aim at increasing commercially orientated activities in academe. Based on a sample of German scientists across all fields of science we investigate the...

The U.S. has been under pressure to abandon the unique first-to-invent feature of its patent law for awarding patents. The opposition to reform however argues that switch to a first-to-file rule, the international norm, will undermine innovation. We evaluate this argument in a dynamic stochastic...