The asymmetry between the patient as a layman and the physician as an expert is a key element in health economics. However, a change to a higher degree of patient autonomy has taken place. Furthermore, there is a consensus in a positive correlation between general education and productivity of...

This chapter focuses on ethical issues raised by the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the do-main of health. In particular we discuss specific issues in biomedical research, healthcare provision and public health. We devote particular attention to ethical concerns about safety and evidence...