The ecological tax reform that Germany implemented between 1999 and 2003 increased energy tax rates-especially on gasoline and diesel. Today, the ecological tax hikes yield an annual revenue of around 20 billion euros or 0.6 percent of GDP. The money is used to finance a higher federal grant to...

Die Hans-Böckler-Stiftung hat die Prognos AG beauftragt, verschiedene Alternativen zur Umfinanzierung der Alterssicherung zu untersuchen. Der Untersuchungsauftrag umfasst insgesamt fünf Finanzierungsvarianten, die ausgehend von einer Referenzrechnung auf der Basis geltenden Rechts jeweils...

Population aging imposes a challenge for the public pension systems in many developed countries. The solvency of the pension system requires a broad set of policy measures. The paper addresses the following question: What are the macroeconomic consequences of increasing the social security...