In the past few decades, a myriad of reforms in Europe have had a significant impact on the way and extent to which …-the Proportionality Measure-to examine pension systems' long-term sustainability, fairness, and intergenerational equity …

Spurred by the ageing transition, many governments have made wide-ranging reforms, dramatically changing Europe … develops a comprehensive framework to assess pension system sustainability. It captures the effects of reforms on the ability …

Social Security in the United States and in Europe is at a critical juncture. Through the essays assembled in Social … Security Pension Reform in Europe, Martin Feldstein and Horst Siebert, along with a number of distinguished contributors …, discuss the challenges facing Social Security reform in the aging societies of Europe. A remarkable range of European nations …