The size of the public debt is now one of the main areas of interest of the entire society. As the size of the debt increases with time, one should consider possible ways of reducing it. Decision makers focus both on ways to reduce the increase in public debt and on ways to reduce its size....

The global financial crisis affected also Polish pension market. Low or negative rate return on pension capital accumulated in Open Pension Funds led to social disappointment and growth of feeling of social insecurity. Prolonged financial crisis together with sluggish economic growth forced...

We show that people exposed to greater pension risk are less likely to invest in risky assets. We exploit a reform that links people's future pension benefits to their pension funds' funding ratio — a measure of the fund's financial health — making funding ratios a fund-specific measure of...