Background: The pension deficit has been rapidly enlarging for more than a decade. If the retirement age is set at a … old in last ten years, the feasibility of rising the retirement age has also been promoted. Methods: This paper aims to … construct a mathematical model for choosing a proper policy about raising retirement age on the basis of the interaction between …

half median annual wage income) across two tranches from their retirement accounts, ordinarily inaccessible until … retirement. Based on historical returns, the modal withdrawal by the modal-aged withdrawer can be expected to reduce their … balance at retirement by more than $120,000 in today’s dollars. One in six working-age people withdrew a total of $38 billion …