between multinationality and performance and is concerned with the quality of past empirical research designs. Design …/methodology/approach On the basis of 49 studies, given in a literature review, the match between performance measures used in empirical … critically evaluated. Findings Findings indicate that authors still largely rely on overall financial performance measures …

We introduce a new two-dimensional measure for the heterogeneity of performance within groups of economic units. This … measure accounts both, for the relative performance of the single units of groups and their relative size. We demonstrate that …