Criticisms of the Green Revolution have focused on environmental and human health problems associated with pesticides. Pesticides may also have adverse effects on wild fish and other aquatic animals in rice paddies that supply an additional source of food and income for some farm households and...

The distinctive nature of environmental quality problems in agriculture — an industry based on the extraction of highly variable natural resources under stochastic conditions — has important implications for policy design. First, we examine the source of environmental quality problems and...