Hospitals with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) demand surges at the onset of the pandemic report medication shortages, a worrisome phenomenon as inadequate medication supplies negatively affect patient outcomes. The popular press implicates a lack of raw ingredients and spikes in purchases but...

Problem definition: Process innovation is commonly claimed to be a major source of competitive advantage for firms. Despite this perceived influence it has received substantially less attention than product innovation and much uncertainty remains about its true association with firm performance....