We begin by documenting trends in the changing geographical location of clinical trials for new medicines since 2002, away from Western Europe and Canada, and towards Eastern Europe, Latin America and Asia. We then develop a framework for modeling the factors affecting the globalization of...

Recent work linking the adoption of key organizational practices to productivity raises an important question: if adoption increases productivity so dramatically, why does adoption across an industry take so long? This paper explores this question in the context of one particularly interesting...

While there is widespread agreement among economists and management scholars that knowledge spillovers exist and have important economic consequences, researchers know substantially less about the "micro mechanisms" of spillovers -- about the degree to which they are geographically localized,...