This paper contributes to the scant body of literature on inequalities among and within ethnic groups in the Philippines by examining both the vertical and horizontal measures in terms of opportunities in accessing basic services such as education, electricity, safe water, and sanitation. The...

The paper tackles the issue of social capital as observed in several ethnically bonded groups of agricultural rural communities in the mountainous regions of northern Philippines. In the first part of the paper, the social capital of indigenous farmers and traders are measured. Findings show...