the main existing instruments of financial support for innovation in Turkey and Poland, and secondly to assess their … Survey (CIS). Comparing Turkey to Poland is both meaningful and promising from a policy-analysis point of view. Both … - Turkey since 1980, Poland since 1989 - resulting in a significant catching-up of their economies. However, as the …

Since the collapse of communism, Poland has distinguished itself as one of the best performing economies in the … European Union. However, the recent deceleration in growth has raised concerns about a “middle income trap”. Poland ranks among …