reduction are substitutes, that privatization and competition are complements when the latter is measured as the geographic …We investigate whether privatization, competitive forces, and hardening of budget constraints have yet begun to play … impact of privatization on labor productivity: in our basic specifications, we estimate that a ten percentage point increase …

policy towards a more active role of the state, and use privatization policy as an example. The authors examine the effects … of the privatization policy and point to a large unfinished agenda in ownership transformation that has had an adverse … the pace of privatization. They find out that it is the increasing capture of the state by rent-seeking groups, and not …