This paper aims to measure the role of police modernization scheme in its performance in crime repression. We use output distance function as an analytical tool and estimate it using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) framework in a ‘single stage’. We find that the police modernization...

This paper provides a county-level investigation of the root causes of gun violence in the U.S. To guide our empirical analysis, we develop a simple theoretical model which suggests that firearm-related offenses in a given county increase with the number of illegal guns and decrease with social...

Domestic violence remains a serious public problem, especially in Hispanic communities, where one in three women are victims of domestic violence in their lifetimes. Yet, less than 50 percent of Hispanic women report the incidents, indicating lack of confidence in the police and fear they might...

In 2006, approximately 49% of violent crimes were not reported to police. Being the victim of sexual assault is expensive; each incident imposes an external cost of over $100k on the victim. However, recent estimates of the total social cost are an order of magnitude larger suggesting that from a...

Ciacci & Sviatschi’s (2021) “The Effect of Adult Entertainment Establishments on Sex Crime: Evidence from New York City,” published in The Economic Journal, concluded that opening a new strip club reduced sex crimes, with the most compelling finding that “[strip clubs and gentleman’s...

Objective: Third-party policing (TPP) refers to police efforts to persuade or coerce third parties to take some responsibility for crime control and prevention. The Yakuza Exclusion Ordinances (YEOs) of Japan aim to combat organized crime syndicates---the yakuza. Consistent with the principles...

Under the Hong Kong Immigration Ordinance, an authorised governmental employee has unlimited authority to demand that any Hong Kong resident, at any time, anywhere, produce proof of identity. Usually, it is a police officer who demands, and, usually, it is a Hong Kong identity card which is...

Domestic violence remains a serious public problem, especially in Hispanic communities, where one in three women are victims of domestic violence in their lifetimes. Yet, less than 50 percent of Hispanic women report the incidents, indicating lack of confidence in the police and fear they might...

A flurry of research examining the effect of body-worn cameras (BWCs) on policing has arrived at mixed and inconclusive set findings. We present a multi-year study of the precinct-by-precinct rollout of BWCs in the New York City Police Department (NYPD), the largest metropolitan police force in...