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improvements. In Albania, production and supply of electricity (for the time span of our analyzes) was controlled by KESH … Albania, and it is publicly run. Throughout the transition, supply of electricity, due to various technical and economic …, production and import of electricity in Albania. Our hypothesis is that before elections, electricity consumption may increase …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003955876
The literature on the rational PBC suggests that politicians systematically manipulate economic and fiscal conditions before elections to increase their chances of eelection. Most tests of this theory look for evidence of pre-election distortions in fiscal policy. We propose a new test that...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014223422
the voters. Following other researches for PBC in Albania, in which there was found clear evidence of fiscal expansion …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003784386
on PBC in Albania found clear evidence of fiscal expansion before elections. In addition to increased income from taxes … privatization is analyzed in conjunction with PBC. -- Albania ; Political Business Cycle ; Privatization …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009007643
Under the system of appointing regional governors by the president, which existed in Russia between 2005-2012, governors' loyalty to the central government and particularly their ability to deliver satisfactory results to the ruling party in national-level elections were crucial to their...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011926909
This study examines the effect of regulatory independence of the central bank in shaping the impact of electoral cycles on bank lending behaviour in Africa. It employs the dynamic system Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) Two-Step estimator for a panel dataset of 54 African countries over the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014514254
Previous studies on electoral competition show that fiscal variables are manipulated by incumbent politicians in order to be re-elected. This phenomenon has been addressed by the literature on electoral budget cycle and, in a decentralised economy, by the literature on yardstick competition. Our...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003824978
This paper analyzes local political cycle in Czech municipalities over the period between 1997 and 2013. We apply the system GMM and the difference GMM estimators to identify distortion in current and capital expenditures per capita in electoral and pre-electoral years, while focusing on various...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011431958
This paper examines whether revenue decentralization and direct external financial supervision affect the incidence and strength of political budget cycles, using a panel of Israeli municipalities during the period 1999-2009. We find that high dependence on central government transfers - as...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011281657
This paper examines whether revenue decentralization and direct external financial supervision affect the incidence and strength of political budget cycles, using a panel of Israeli municipalities during the period 1999-2009. We find that high dependence on central government transfers — as...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011300741