China uses more than 60 percent of coal in its energy mix. This heavy reliance has strong environmental consequences notably with SO2 and CO2 emissions for which China is the world first emitter. This already has tremendous implications on a local, regional and global scale. Therefore, there is...

Twenty years of liberalization have transformed the energy sector. The old energy world of long-term contracts and personal contacts has changed beyond recognition into a set of highly competitive markets with instantaneous decision-making much like the financial sector. Decentralized...

Energy has always been a central issue for the European construction. The current international development forces the Union to redefine its energy policy according to another logic : accept global interdependence and the creation of structures favoring the development, the reactivity, and the...

Brazil's energy sector has undergone rapid changes over the last several years. A growing economy and increasing power demand has spurred a complete restructuring of the wholesale power market and government privatization, adding uncertainty to the market. After a severe crisis, Lula’s...

The debate over a common European energy policy, its necessity and its establishment has been going on for a number of decades. The discussions have been recently brought back into the spotlight by the evolution of energy market fundamentals and the taking into account of environmental...