President Vladimir Putin escalated Russia's war on Ukraine in September 2022, announcing a partial mobilisation and …

When natural resource revenues provide an important motive and/or means for armed conflict, the transition from war …

income. We explain this process of democratization as a rational way for incumbent elites to wage war effectively on other …

-stage game with three competing importers, where fi rst, two of the countries decide on whether to initiate war against each …), but could render the eruption of war between member and non-member countries more likely (peace diversion). This paper is … literature to endogenize countries terms of trade. We use data from the Correlates of War project to empirically test these …