for carbon emissions from inventory storage and manufacture, (1b) a sustainable EPQ model that includes product recycling …, and (2) a reverse logistics model that accounts for emissions and product recycling. Results: According to the inquiry …, there are reverse logistics models in the literature that consider carbon emissions and product recycling together, but they …

In this paper we consider a competitive economy with flows of materials from extraction via recycling to landfilling … stimulates recycling as expected. But it also increases primary material extraction and - possibly - the total waste flow, and it … reduces the recycling ratio. …