Nat Cat risks are not insurable by traditional insurance mainly because of producing highly correlated losses. The source of such correlation among buildings of a region subject to a natural hazard is discussed. A decomposition method is proposed to split Nat Cat risk into idiosyncratic (and...

In this paper, we establish a comparison between one of the most traded financial derivatives in the markets, the so-called catastrophe bonds (abbreviated as cat bonds) and the corporate bonds. In the first section, we start from a brief definition as well as some basic concepts. In section two,...

In this paper, we explore the climate risk exposure of U.S. life insurers’ commercial mortgage loan portfolios, focusing on sea level rise (SLR) and flood risks. Commercial mortgages are an important asset class of life insurers: Approximately 15% of the life insurance industry asset is held...