The controversy surrounding the current implementation of the patent system is well known. Some question whether the system has become entirely dysfunctional and disincentives innovation, particularly as the law operates within some industries. Moreover, early stage companies, particularly those...

A key metric for the assessment of innovative activity at the firm level is R&D intensity. R&D intensity is the ratio of a firm's R&D investment to its revenue (the percentage of revenue that is reinvested in R&D). Empirical and anecdotal evidence suggests that R&D intensity within an industry...

This paper constructs an alternative investment strategy to portfolio optimization model in the framework of the Mean–Variance portfolio selection model. To differentiate it from the ubiquitously applied Mean–Variance model, which is constructed on an assumption that returns are normally...

In this working paper we study some properties of a particular mapping in Rn related to an optimization problem with one equality constraint. We motivate the definition of the relevant mapping starting from a portfolio selection problem, in which we minimize the risk of an investment (the...

As the skewed return distribution is a prominent feature in nonlinear portfolio selection problems which involve derivative assets with nonlinear payoff structures, Value-at-Risk (VaR) is particularly suitable to serve as a risk measure in nonlinear portfolio selection. Unfortunately, the...

In spite of their importance, third or higher moments of portfolio returns are often neglected in portfolio construction problems due to the computational difficulties associated with them. In this paper, we propose a new robust mean–variance approach that can control portfolio skewness and...

An essential element of any realistic investment portfolio selection is the consideration of transaction costs. Our purpose, in this paper, is to determine the maximum return and the corresponding number of securities to buy giving such return, whenever practical constraints features related to...

This paper discusses a multi-objective portfolio optimization problem for practical portfolio selection in fuzzy environment, in which the return rates and the turnover rates are characterized by fuzzy variables. Based on the possibility theory, fuzzy return and liquidity are quantified by...

Should an investor unwind his portfolio in the face of changing economic conditions? We study an investor's optimal trading strategy with finite horizon and transaction costs in an economy that switches stochastically between two market conditions. We fully characterize the investor's time...

In this note we show the following result of Dybvig (1995) is valid for a general von Neumann–Morgenstern utility function: for an agent who does not tolerate a decline in consumption, the optimal investment out of discretionary wealth (in excess of the perpetuity value of current consumption)...