Sovereign wealth funds' (SWF) operations and strategies remain, in many cases, guarded secrets. While some confidentiality is understandable, a gap exists between what we'd like to know about SWFs and what most SWFs are willing to tell us. This report fills this information gap through proxy, by...

This paper focuses upon asset owners, such as pension funds, and their models of investment management, recognizing the choice between insourcing, outsourcing and re-intermediation. Drawing upon the principal-agent problem, the dimensions of the management ‘problem' are identified emphasizing...

The Norwegian Government Pension Fund Global has an explicit mission to integrate long-term investment return objectives with an ambitious ethical commitment. This approach has drawn praise among Western policymakers. However, we contend that the ethical investment policy of the Norwegian...