auditor risk proxies are consistent with prior studies, in support that auditors with greater levels of risk in their …

This study investigates whether audit market competition influences the risk profile of audit offices' client … portfolios and whether an audit office's client risk profile affects the association between audit market competition and audit … quality. Economic theory suggests that market competition can affect a company's risk-taking, but there is limited evidence on …

Background: In making investment decisions, asset risk and return are two crucial criteria on which investors base … their decision. Objectives: This paper provides risk and return analysis and compares different traditional and alternative … estate, foreign exchange, cryptocurrencies, renewable energy sources, gold, and oil. Methods/Approach: The risk measures of …

We examine the Big Four public client portfolios to determine if there appears to be homogeneity of business risk — an … overall firm risk of loss arising from accepted clients — across the four accounting firms' public company portfolios. If a … varying risk profile exists among the firms, then the potential for another “Enron” event resulting in a failing firm may be …

scrupulous analysis yields that investors care more for downside risk rather than variance. Overwhelming evidence especially in … emerging markets is present world-wide. Stochastic Dominance is a powerful tool to measure downside risk. Lower Partial Moment …

-normally and normally distributed. A closed expression is achieved for investors with constant absolute risk aversion (CARA) …

diversifying risk …

The paper proposes a new approach to model risk measurement based on the Wasserstein distance between two probability … measures. It formulates the theoretical motivation resulting from the interpretation of fictitious adversary of robust risk … nominal model. The Wasserstein approach suits for all types of model risk problems, ranging from the single-asset hedging risk …