We estimate a Pareto distribution for loan losses, as an alternative to the commonly used Vasicek distribution, using simulated data. A key assumption in the construction of Vasicek distribution is that firm-level risk is idiosyncratic. It also assumes that firm exposure to systemic risk is...

This Article attempts to define hedge funds and to distinguish them from a variety of similar investment funds. After reviewing the hedge fund definition in the U.S. and the EU, this Article argues that the current regulatory framework, which defines hedge funds by reference to what they are not...

Basel II defines operational risk as the risk of direct or indirect loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes people or systems or from external events. In the past decade there have appeared a number of quantitative approaches to measuring this risk, approaches that abstract...

Tail risk arises at multiple stages in the investment management process – from the high level asset allocation decision down to the individual portfolio manager's process for selecting securities. We believe that conventional practices followed in these investment decision processes, largely...