Kumaran, Sunitha - In: Journal of finance and investment analysis 2 (2013) 2, pp. 89-106
benchmarks use the lower partial moment as a risk measure. The lower partial moment, however, doesn’t entirely describe the panic … tool is needed. Developed by Peter Martin in 1987, the Ulcer Index measures the human stress of holding a stock. Ulcer … Index is a volatility measure that only captures continuous downside movements in share price, and ignores upside volatility …