Online advertising enables advertisers to reach customers with personalized ads. Advertisers need to determine the right targets for their ads and how much they are willing to pay to engage those targets. A large portion of online ads are priced using real-time auctions, thus advertisers need to...

This paper documents the trading behaviour of actively managed equity mutual funds from the perspective of their trading cost management. Consistent with the predictions in the literature of portfolio choice with trading costs, I present three main findings. Firstly, mutual funds trade more...