advantage in the final stage. We examine such momentum in conflict scenarios and investigate how valuable it must be to avoid a …, rent dissipation in the two-stage conflict is equal across party whether or not an individual obtains first-stage momentum … as useful conflict benchmarks, they dissipate additional expected contest rents. This additional rent-dissipative toll …

This paper challenges the idea that farmers revert to subsistence farming when confronted with violence from civil war … with civil war violence in their home communities increase export and cash crop growing activities, invest more in public …

This paper challenges the idea that farmers revert to subsistence farming when confronted with violence from civil war … are confronted with civil war violence in their home communities increase export and cash crop growing activities, invest …

evaluation of the methodological and empirical advances in the measurement of the extreme market risk. This paper argues that a …